Illustrated London News
Emigration Reports
1865

	

1865

The Illustrated London News
Jan 21 1865					Page 75
The South Australian Government have despatched a second party 
of men, forty in number, to assist Mr. Finniss in the work of 
surveying the new country.It has been determined also to ask the 
Home Government for the services of a small force of infantry, 
who could be sent to North Australia from India,the terms of 
payment being arranged in accordance with the regulations lately 
enforced by the War Office.

Jan 28						Page 98
The Governor of Queensland, Australia, has established two new 
posts and settlements on the north-eastern coast of Australia- 
namely, at Cardwell, in Rockingham Bay, and at Somerset, near 
Cape York.
						Page 99
During the month of October last there arrived in the colony 
of Victoria,Australia, 4665 persons, of whom 916 were from the 
United Kingdom. The number of departures from the colony was 
1304, of whom 127 were for the United Kingdom. The current rates 
of wages ranged from £30 per annum for single farm labourers to 
£60 for married labourers without children, and from £15 for 
nursemaids to £35 for cooks.

Feb 4						Page 103
The emigration from Liverpool during the past month was about 
half that of the corresponding period of 1864.

Feb 11						Page 142
The ship Landsborough, 1166 tons burden, belonging to Messrs. 
Tike, Thackay,and Co., sailed on the 12th ult. from Gravesend, and 
23rd from Plymouth, for Queensland; Captain Maxwell, commander; 
Surgeon-Superintendent, Dr. F. H. Scott; assisted by Mrs. Edwards, 
matron. The Landsborough  is the forty-ninth vessel that has 
sailed on the land order system of emigration, under the immediate 
direction of the Queensland Government. She contains 317 souls,
divided into paying, assisted, and free passengers, and consisting 
of 146 members of families, 116 single men, and 61 single females.
The Castle Eden, which sailed from Southampton on the 9th of July 
last,arrived at Moreton Bay, Queensland, on the 31st of October, 
with 316 Government emigrants. Seven births and three deaths 
(all of infants) took place on the voyage.
The Queen of the South, which left Liverpool on the 31st 
of July, arrived at Moreton Bay on the 31st of October, with 
434 emigrants. Thirteen deaths (including three adults) and 
four births took place on board.
The Sir Robert Sale,which left Plymouth on the 30th of July, 
arrived at Sydney, New South Wales, on the 29th of October, 
with 292 emigrants. Seven deaths and two births took place on board.

Mar 4						Page 198
The Government emigrant-ships Tarquin, which sailed from Plymouth 
on Aug. 20 last, and the Rockliff, from the same port on Sept. 17, 
arrived in Adelaide,South Australia, the former on Dec. 3, with 
273 emigrants, and the latter on Dec. 20, with 297 emigrants. 
Two births and two deaths  took place on the Tarquin, and two births 
and one death in the Rockliffe.

The Montmorency which left the Mersey on Aug. 28, arrived 
at Sydney, New South Wales, on Nov. 29, with 284 emigrants. No 
casualty occurred on board.

The Hastings, which sailed from Gravesend on Aug. 26, 
arrived at Freemantle,Western Australia, on Dec. 17, with 81 
emigrants, no death having occurred on the voyage.

The ship Sunda 1381 tons burden, belonging to Messrs. 
T. M. Mackay and Co.,sailed on the 9th ult. From Gravesend, and 
20th from Queenstown, for Queensland; Captain Flynn, commander; 
Surgeon-Superintendant Dr, Paynter; assited by Mrs. Moran, matron. 
The Sunda is the fifty-first vessel that has sailed on the 
land-order system of emigration, under the immediate direction
of the Queensland Government. She contains 505 souls, divided into 
paying,assisted, and free passengers, and consisting of 177 members 
of families,168 single men, and 160 single females.

						Page 206
House of Lords, Monday.
Lord Taunton having presented some petitions from the city of 
Melbourne and other places in the colony of Victoria praying for 
the immediate and permanent abolition of convict transportation 
to Australia, Earl Granville said the question was finally and 
satisfactorily settled.  The discovery of a fertile tract of land 
between Western Australia and Victoria rendered the continuation of
transportation to Western Australia impossible, and within a
period of three years from the date of the Colonial Secretary's 
despatch transportation thither would cease. A few observations 
were made on the same subject by Lords Cranworth and Redesdale.

Mar 25						Page 271
The official returns of emigration from Liverpool during last 
month have been completed by the emigration officers, to be laid 
before the Board of Trade. From these returns it appears that 
there has been a large falling off in point of numbers in February 
last, as compared with the same month of last year. In the month 
just ended, eighteen ships, carrying in all 4956 passengers, sailed 
under the provisions of the Passenger Shipping Act, of whom 3842 were 
steerage and 214 were cabin passengers; only two classes being 
recognised by the Act. Besides these, ten ships, carrying 348
passengers, also sailed during the month, not under the regulations 
of the statute referred to. Of the eighteen ships sailing under 
the provisions of the Act. 
Fourteen were cleared for the United States of America, carrying
2655 steerage and 189 cabin passengers. The steerage passengers 
consisted of 831 English, 93 Scotch, 137 Irish, and 424 from other 
countries.
For New South Wales there sailed one ship, with 398 steerage 
passengers and one in the cabin. The steerage passengers included 
52 English, 24 Scotch, and 322 Irish, but none from other countries. 
To Queensland, one ship was dispatched with 422 steerage and 23 
cabin passengers. The steerage passengers consisted of 30 English, 
3 Scotch, and 389 Irish, but none from other countries. 
For Victoria, two ships were dispatched, carrying 367 steerage 
passengers and one in the cabin. The steerage passengers numbered
172 English, 9 Scotch, 183 Irish, and three from other countries. 
Of short ships, as they are technically called- that is, those which 
do not sail under the provisions of the Passenger Shipping Act- 
five sailed for the United States, carrying 244 passengers; for 
Vancouver Island, one ship sailed, with 9 passengers; for Victoria, 
one ship was dispatched, with 24 passengers; and for South America, 
China, and Africa, three ships, with 71 passengers. 
The total number of passengers who left Liverpool last month, it
will therefore be seen, was 4404; In February of last year the number 
was 7628, thus showing a decrease on the month of 3224 as compared 
with the same month's emigration in 1864. In January of this year 
the number of passengers who sailed from Liverpool was 2277.

						Page 315
A new city, to be called Palmerston, is in the course of formation at 
North  Western Australia.

An Australian paper states that pheasants, partridges, and hares are
multiplying fast in the woods around Geelong, in Victoria.

Apr 15						Page 343
AUSTRALIA
(From our own Correspondent)
Melbourne, Feb 24, 1865
Victoria has not, I fear, raised her character of late in British
estimation. Unluckily, she is fast going to prove that in the lowest 
deep there is still a lower. The list of her blunders during the 
last month would be a long one; so it is as well to begin at once. 
Neither this nor any of the other Australian colonies wish, directly 
of indirectly, to sever their allegiance to the mother land. But, 
if not disloyal in spirit, a very large section of the community- 
the most numerous and the most noisy, but anything but the most 
respectful and influential- are vehemently urging a measure
which has all the practical effects of a financial separation, and, 
in the particular case of Melbourne, may be called suicidal. The 
experience of the last month has shown that in Victoria we have a 
Parliament so alien to British common-sense and British spirit, and 
so alien to the teachings and policy of England's profoundest writers 
and wisest statesmen, as to pass a measure embodying all the 
pernicious  elements of the long-exploited system of protection. 
It is fortunate that, by our Constitution Act, the bill has to receive 
the sanction of the Upper House before it becomes law; and, such being 
the case, there is still the chance of our being saved from disgrace 
and ruin. The Assembly seemed to pass the measure under some 
infatuation.
The evil effects of the proposed change are even now observable 
everywhere.
The erection of large warehouses that were contracted for has been 
stopped, numbers of hands have been discharged from the employment 
of importers, and the price of some of the necessities of life have 
risen from 10 to 25 per cent. What makes the change in the tariff the 
more unwarrantable is the fact that our finances are, or were, in the 
most satisfactory condition, the Treasurer's statement showing that 
the new year could be commenced with an actual balance at the right 
side of the account. 
The duty on tea and sugar has been somewhat reduced, and the gold 
export duty all but repealed. To make up for the deficiency thus 
caused, duties have been levied on almost all imports, including 
wearing apparel, boots, shoes, hats, hams and bacon, candles, butter, 
cheese, oats, &c. It ought to be mentioned to our credit, that, as 
soon as the Budget was disclosed, the mercantile classes took
instant steps to endeavour to thwart the designs of the Ministry. 
Meetings were held, a free-trade league was formed, towards the 
carrying out of the objects of which £5000 was subscribed in the 
course of a day or two. As the measure was pushed rapidly through 
the Assembly, no influence could be made to bear upon that body. 
So the league is directing its efforts towards the Council, to 
which several large petitions against the new tariff have been 
already presented, and others from different districts are in 
the course of preparation.

The Land Bill has passed the Council, but so altered that it is 
questionable whether the Assembly will agree to the alterations.
A motion for the payment of members was lost in the Assembly the 
other night by a majority of three.
Mining operations continue to be successfully prosecuted, the only 
drawback being the scarcity of water.
The Great Britain has arrived, after a fine run of sixty days; 
the Norfolk, sixty-nine days; the Royal Standard, 
seventy-four days; and the Childers, seventy days.

The quarterly and monthly returns of the emigration from Liverpool 
show an enormous decrease, as compared with the corresponding period 
of last year. Twenty-one ships sailed, under the Act, for the 
United States during the last month, with 6872 passengers, of whom 
1445 were English, 519 Scotch, 528 Irish, and 1053 belonging to other 
countries. To Victoria there were two ships, with 503 passengers, of 
whom 188 were English, twenty-one Scotch, 283 Irish, and four 
belonging  to other countries. To South America there was one ship, 
with  seventy-one passengers, sixty-eight of whom were steerage and 
three  cabin; and, of the whole, four were English, the remainder 
belonging to other countries. 
Of "short" ships there were six to the United States, with 311 
passengers; one to Victoria, with twenty-four passengers; one to
the West Indies, with seven passengers; one to South America, with
fifty-five passengers; and one to Africa, with fifty-five passengers. 
The total number of emigrants was 7878, against 14,488 in the 
corresponding month of last year. In the last quarter there sailed, 
under the Act, 14,516, while in the corresponding quarter of 1864 
the number was 26,547.

Apr 15, 1865					Page 347
The Government emigrant-ship, Oceanica 1673 tons, belonging 
to Messrs. James Baines and Co., Liverpool, sailed from the Mersey, 
on the 3rd inst., for Melbourne, Victoria, having on board thirty-two 
married people, 155 single women, and sixteen children under twelve 
years of age, under the care of Mr. Thomas Scard, surgeon 
superintendent.

The Peeress 777 tons, belonging to Messrs. Lachlans and M'Leod, 
London, sailed from Plymouth on the 8th inst,for Adelaide, 
South Australia, having on board 355 Government emigrants, consisting 
of 139 married people, ninety-one single men, forty-six single women, 
twenty-four boys, and twenty girls between one and twelve years of 
age, and fifteen infants, under the care of Mr. Arthur D. White, M.D., 
surgeon superintendant, assisted by Mrs. Grace Treginnig, matron, a
nd Mr. Richmond Baker, schoolmaster.

The Emigration Commissioners have chartered the Cornwallis, 
belonging to Messrs. Thomas and Willaim Smith, London, for the 
conveyance of emigrants to Adelaide, South Australia, at £12 7s. 9d. 
per statute adult. The Cornwallis is appointed to receive her 
passengers at Plymouth on the 29th of May next.

Apr 22						Page 382
The tide of emigration from Ireland shows no sign of ebbing. Last 
week hundreds of people, from the grey-headed grandfather to the 
child in arms, poured into Queenstown for embarkation in the Louisiana,
 en route from Liverpool for New York. Hundreds more went by the 
Inman steamer. Emigration from Ireland to America has totally 
changed its aspect. The Cork Herald says that "when the tender leaves 
the pier with its human freight a hearty cheer breaks from the 
emigrants,  which is generally responded to on shore, under moist 
eye or sorrowful  face seldom seen among the throng."
Apr 29						Page 406
The Emigration Commissioners have chartered the Venilia, 
belonging  to Mr. John Baker, London, to convey emigrants to 
Brisbane, Queensland,  at £13 14s. per statute adult. The ship is 
to be ready to receive her  passengers, at Plymouth, on the 12th 
of June next.

							Page 415
At the summer exhibition of the Queensland Horticultural and 
Agricultural Society, held at Brisbane, on the 30th of December 
last, there were exhibited arrowroot, coffee-berries, sugar, chicory, 
silk, and Sea Island and New Orleans cotton, as products of the 
colony.

May 6							Page 423
The Circassian exodus from the eastern coast has recommenced. News 
having reached the Porte that 8000 immigrants are awaiting transport, 
two Government steamers have been sent to convey them to Trebizond.

May 13, 1865						Page 447
The emigration returns for the port of Liverpool for the past month 
were completed last week. The number of ships sailing under the 
Act were- to the United States. Twenty-one ships, with 9843 passengers, 
of whom 239 were cabin, and the remainder steerage, passengers. 
Of the steerage passengers, 5442 were Irish, 2490 English, 201 Scotch, 
and 1020 other countries. To Canada there were two ships, with 640 
passengers, of whom 163 were in the cabin; and to Victoria three ships, 
with 662 passengers, making a total of twenty-six ships and 11,145 
passengers. 
Of ships sailing independent there were seven to the United States, 
with 443 passengers; to Prince Edward Island, one ship, with two 
passengers; to New South Wales, one ship, with twenty-four passengers; 
to Victoria, one ship, with twenty-six passengers; to the West Indies, 
three, with seventeen passengers; to South America, five, with 116 
passengers; to Mexico, one, with five passengers; to Africa,
one (the mail steamer), with thirty-two passengers: total, nineteen 
ships and 685 passengers. This shows a full total of 11,800, against 
22,241 in the corresponding month of last year.

Page 455
The New York Emigration Commissioners have issued their report for 
1864.
They state that in the course of the year there landed at New York 
222,338 passengers of whom 39,422 were American citizens and 182,916 
were aliens, the latter number being 27,072 more than in 1863. 
89,766 of the aliens were Irish, 23,871 English, 57,579 Germans. 
The commissioners provided employment, food, lodging, or 
transportation for 28,957; cared for 7363 in the refuge and hospital 
of the commission, and for 235 in its smallpox hospital; and for 
978 did the service of burying them.

May 27						Page 510
The ship Melmerby, 3000 tons burden, belonging to Messrs. 
James Baines and Co., sailed on the 13th inst., from Liverpool for 
Queensland, Captain George Borlase, commander, Surgeon-Superintendent 
Dr. Salmond, assisted by Miss Darke, matron. The Melmerby is 
the fifty-sixth vessel that has sailed on the land-order system of 
emigration, under the immediate direction of the Queensland Government. 
She contains 520 souls, divided into paying, assisted, and free 
passages, and consisting of 221members of families, 250 single men, 
and forty-nine single females.

Jun 10							Page 543
During the past month thirty-six emigrant ships left Liverpool, 
conveying abroad 593 cabin and 16,670 steerage passengers. Of 
the steerage passengers 4859 were English, 306 Scotch, 8472 Irish, 
and 3033 foreigners. 
The comparison with the corresponding month of last year is as 
follows:- in May, 1864, the number of emigrants who sailed from 
Liverpool under the provisions of the Act, was 17,338; 
in May, 1865, 17,263- being a decrease of 75; the number not under 
the Act in May, 1864, was 964; in May, 1865, 629, being a
decrease of 335; or there were twenty-eight ships, 392 cabin 
passengers, and 13,880 steerage. Of the latter class, 2408 were 
English, 233 Scotch, 7829 Irish, and 2410 foreigners. Four ships, 
153 cabin passengers and 1525 steerage -705 English, 210 Irish, 
and 610 foreign - passengers, sailed for Canada; two ships, 
34 cabin passengers, 611 steerage- 247 English, 66 Scotch, 
285 Irish, and 13 foreigners- for Victoria; one ship, 14 cabin
passengers, 506 steerage- 351 English, 7 Scotch, 148 Irish- to 
Queensland.
One ship, having on board 148 Welsh passengers, sailed for Neuva Bay, 
in Patagonia, where it is intended to form a Welsh settlement.


1858	Nov 20					Page 468
TASMANIA
The Tasmanian Legislature was opened on the 7th of September. 
On that occasion the Governor, Sir H. Young, announced that 
bills would be introduced to provide for the more effectual 
audit of the public accounts, to enable the Council and Assembly 
to deal with questions of their own privilege, to render Government 
employees ineligible to a seat in Parliament, to vest in the Judges 
of the Supreme Court the powers of the Land Claims Commissioners, 
to legalise and regulate the establishment of volunteer corps for 
the defence of the colony, to endow prize scholarships for Tasmanian 
youths to pursue their studies at English universities, and to
incorporate the provisions of the new Divorce Law and Fraudulent 
Trustees Act in colonial legislation.

NEW "DIGGINGS" IN AUSTRALIA
The following is extracted from a letter dated Sydney, Sept. 11:- 
"There are some new diggings sprung up at the Fitzroy River, 
Port Curtis, which is on the northern boundary of Moreton Bay, 
that are causing immense excitement here. The principal diggings 
are surface. A 12lb. nugget has been found, together with 50oz., 
by one party. Sydney, we expect, will soon be deserted. It is 
confidently asserted by parties cognisant of the locale that the 
extent of gold-field in that district is over 100 miles in 
circumference.
All the steamers, small coasting-vessels, &c., are engaged taking
passengers, freight, &c., up there. It is reported that it will 
prove the richest gold-field in New South Wales."

Nov 27 Page 512
The last Australian mail, which was delivered in Dublin on 
Sunday week, contained 1400 registered money letters, transmitted 
by emigrants to relatives and friends in the old country.

Dec 18 Page 564
AUSTRALIA
We have received our Australian letters and papers; the dates 
being Melbourne, October 16th; Sydney, October 12.
The third session of the first Parliament of Victoria under the 
new Constitution was opened by his Excellency Sir Henry Barkly 
on the 7th of October. The fate of the Reform Bill in the Upper 
House was looked forward to with much interest. It was understood 
to be the intention of the Ministry, in case the measure was again 
rejected, to demand a dissolution of Parliament- a demand to which 
his Excellency stood pledged to his cabinet to accede on such a 
contingency arising. On the evening of the 15th of October the 
Ministerial budget was laid before the Assembly by the Treasurer. 
"We have to congratulate the colony", says the Argus, "on the proud 
financial position in which it appears she stands. At this moment 
the colony is free of debt. She will have a balance in the
present year over and above the expenditure of £307,879 available 
for the service of the year 1859. The revenue of the present year 
is upwards of three millions, and, including the balance from the 
present year, the estimated revenue of 1859 is £3,691,879."
Since the departure of the previous mail Sir Henry Barkly had made 
a tour of a considerable portion of the country, having visited 
Belfast, Arrarat, Clunes, Ballarat, &c. Everywhere his Excellency 
was received with demonstrations of loyalty."
The New South Wales Parliament has voted the sum of £50,000 for the
establishment of postal service via Panama; and the Governor has 
put himself in communication with the rulers of the other colonies 
in furtherance of the objects of the vote.
The chief item of news in the accounts from the gold-fields is the 
failure of the Fitzroy diggings at Port Curtis. A great rush had 
taken place to that spot, and the disappointment was excessive.

Dec 25 					Page 588
AUSTRALASIA
The Niagara has arrived with the heavy portion of the 
Australian mail. She brought home twenty-three passengers, and 
thirty boxes of gold, worth £137,722. The Australian mail which 
left Alexandria  in the Niagara consisted of 80,000 letters, 
90,000 newspapers, and 5,000 registered letters. The passengers by 
the Niagara were the first persons who travelled all the way 
by rail between Suez and Alexandria, the Egyptian railroad
having been finished just before they arrived at Suez. 
On some parts of the journey by rail the passengers travelled at 
the rate of forty miles an hour. One of the most difficult and 
important railways in the world, and which has been some years 
in forming, is now completed, and the short route to India, Japan, 
and Australia can now be traversed by railway and steam-packet
throughout.
At Sydney business was dull. The fresh gold diggings just discovered 
to the north of Sydney had excited much interest, and about 5,000 
gold-diggers weekly were leaving Victoria bound for New South Wales. 
The Colonial Parliament is about to close a long Session, and out of 
the House, has ceased to be of any public interest. The Mayor of 
Sydney, Mr. John Williams, gave a fancy ball to about a thousand 
of the citizens last week, at the Prince of Wales Theatre.
The following are the chief items of news brought by the Niagara 
from Tasmania:- In the House of Assembly a resolution has been 
adopted not to vote a salary to any public officer hereafter 
accepting a seat in the Legislature. By another resolution it has 
been determined to open to settlement Tasman's Peninsula, a district 
containing 140,000 acres of Crown land. The news from Fingal 
gold-fields, although not reporting any great results, is still of 
a nature to encourage men to persevere in looking for them. 
The estimates have passed the Assembly with little alteration.

Accounts brought by the Niagara from New Zealand are 
encouraging. The colony is prosperous. The gold-fields there are 
steadily increasing in value. They have now been discovered about 
eight months, and £100,000 worth of gold, in dust and nuggets, 
have already been obtained from them. They are situated close to 
Massacre Bay, where a boat's crew of the famous circumnavigator, 
Tasman, were massacred by the natives. This bay is fifty miles 
from Nelson, and in August last 1000 persons were at work at the 
diggings. The gold is of very good quality.

Page 597
Letters from Melbourne mention that the Patent Slip has been 
opened, and found to work most satisfactorily, but it was not 
of sufficient power, it was feared, for the largest class of 
vessels.
Letters have been received at Melbourne by a leading firm announcing 
that 368 pure alpacas, belonging to Mr. Ledger's flock, had been 
shipped from Valparaiso for distribution in Melbourne and Sydney.
David Hughes, the solicitor who absconded some months since with 
liabilities and defalcations to the amount of £200,000 has been 
arrested in Australia. He had only £500 upon him.

GOVERNMENT EMIGRATION
The Government emigration-ship David M'Iver, 862 tons, 
Captain Robert Baillie, which sailed from Liverpool on the 4th 
of June, with 38 married couples, 123 single women, 101 single men, 
36 girls between the ages of 1 and 12, 27 boys between the same ages, 
5 female, and 6 male infants, (making a total of 374 souls, equal to 
331 ½ statute adults) arrived at Sydney, New South Wales, on the 24th 
of September. Five deaths (two adults and three children) and two 
births occurred during the voyage.

The Government of New South Wales have deputed an agent to visit 
England to confer with the Colonial Office, in conjunction with 
some representatives of the colony already in this country, on the 
best means for establishing a mail steam service via Panama.