Most cases of polio developed only mild symptoms, while others were more severe and progressed to a paralytic form.

In Australia there were major epidemics in the late 1930s, early 1940s and 1950s. The last epidemic was in 1956.

Polio vaccines were introduced in Australia in 1956 (Salk) and 1966 (Sabin) and were followed by mass immunisation programs. With the continuing immunisation of children, the disease will be virtually eradicated in Australia as well as in other parts of the Western world.

It is estimated that a minimum of 20,000-40,000 people had paralytic polio in Australia between the 1930s and 1960s. Actual figures for the number of people infected with the virus are not known.

While polio no longer threatens today’s society, it is not forgotten. Thousands of Australians are now experiencing what is known as the "late effects of polio" or "post polio syndrome".

The late effects of polio are a set of unexpected new symptoms occurring up to 20-30 years after the initial infection.

The late effects of polio are generally considered to be a second phase of polio. Some people will develop symptoms while others will not.

Only people who previously had polio can experience the later effects of polio, although its symptoms may be similar to other conditions.

The most commonly reported symptoms include fatigue, muscle weakness, joint and/or muscle pain and, sometimes, respiratory problems.

The cause of these symptoms is as yet unknown but research suggests there are a number of possibilities, of which the "overuse of polio-weakened muscles" is the most common theory.

The overuse theory suggests that polio-affected muscles need to work harder than other muscles not affected by the virus, to keep up with the demands of everyday living.

Early detection of these symptoms can help to alleviate ensuing problems and prevent further deterioration attributable to overuse.

Energy conservation appears to be quite successful in managing the symptoms of the late effects of polio. Many medications can cause adverse reactions in polio survivors and should be used with caution. Contact your local Post Polio Network for the latest information.

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